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Knowledge and Understanding
Knowledge and Understanding
- Demographic tools for quantifying human population include crude birth rate (CBR), crude death rate (CDR), total fertility rate (TFR), doubling time (DT) and natural increase rate (NIR).
- Global human population has followed a rapid growth curve, but there is uncertainty as to how this may be changing.
- As the human population grows, increased stress is placed on all of the Earth’s systems.
- Age–gender pyramids and demographic transition models (DTM) can be useful in the prediction of human population growth. The DTM is a model that shows how a population transitions from a pre-industrial stage with high CBRs and CDRs to an economically advanced stage with low or declining CBRs and low CDRs.
- Influences on human population dynamics include cultural, historical, religious, social, political and economic factors.
- National and international development policies may also have an impact on human population dynamics.
Applications and Skills
Applications and Skills
- Calculate values of CBR, CDR, TFR, DT and NIR.
- Explain the relative values of CBR, CDR, TFR, DT and NIR.
- Analyse age–gender pyramids and diagrams showing demographic transition models.
- Discuss the use of models in predicting the growth of human populations.
- Explain the nature and implications of growth in human populations.
- Analyse the impact that national and international development policies can have on human population dynamics and growth.
- Discuss the cultural, historical, religious, social, political and economic factors that influence human population dynamics.
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